After the breakup of the Soviet Union, the Baltic states struggled to make a transition to a market economy from the system of Soviet national planning that had been in place since the end of World War II. [32] It was stated that from 2008, Baltic states experiences a positive change in their energy security score. In some cases, Russians took on the nationalities of their adopted Baltic countries and were thus counted among the ethnic majorities. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. [4] Although there are several theories about its origin, most ultimately trace it to the Indo-European root *bhel[5] meaning 'white, fair'. Urheber der Karte . Click on above map to view higher resolution image. The Baltic states: Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania. All are members of the European Union (EU) and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). Despite considerable political turmoil in Finland no such events took place there. You can experience a beautiful holiday here. The Baltic states are bounded on the west and north by the Baltic Sea, which gives the region its name, on the east by Russia, on the southeast by Belarus, and on the southwest by Poland and an exclave of Russia. Road map of the Baltic States with surroundings and city maps : 1:1 500 000 = Kelių žemėlapis / Road map of the Baltic States with surroundings Catalog Record Only Also shows retail stores/hypermarkets. map of Baltic states' network network Download current version: English version (~44kB, 26.3.18) Russian version (~45kB, 26.3.18) Feel free to use this map for non-commercial purposes, but please send a short notice. In all three countries virtually everyone among the titular nationalities speaks the native tongue as their first language, which is remarkable in light of the massive Russian immigration to the Baltic states during the second half of the 20th century. The three countries do not form an official union, but engage in intergovernmental and parliamentary cooperation. The Baltic states have historically been in many different spheres of influence, from Danish over Swedish and Polish–Lithuanian, to German (Hansa and Holy Roman Empire), and before independence in the Russian sphere of influence. [32], Estonia usually was the best performing country in terms of energy security, but new assessment shows that even though Estonia has the highest share of renewables in the energy production, its energy economy has been still characterized by high rates of carbon intensity. [8] During the 19th century, Baltic started to supersede Ostsee as the name for the region. Currently, the governments of the Baltic states cooperate in multiple ways, including cooperation among presidents, parliament speakers, heads of government, and foreign ministers. First Ever Latvia Fintech Startup Map Draft Released. The third-largest city in the region is the Estonian capital of Tallinn, which has a population of 411,063 people. The Soviet Union conducted a policy of Russification by encouraging Russians and other Russian-speaking ethnic groups of the Soviet Union to settle in the Baltic Republics. Based on the page Latvia. My route through the baltic. The territories of the Baltic states were ruled by the Russian Empire until the end of the World War I when Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania gained their sovereignty. [10][11] After World War I, the new sovereign states that emerged on the east coast of the Baltic Sea – Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, and Finland – became known as the Baltic states.[8]. They are classified as high-income economies by the World Bank and maintain high Human Development Index. [24] Skrunda-1, the last Russian military radar in the Baltics, officially suspended operations in August 1998.[25]. Agriculture remains important to the Baltic economy, with potatoes, cereal grains, and fodder crops produced and dairy cattle and pigs raised. He narrowly missed a chance at a World Chess Championship match on five occasions. Each was staffed initially by diplomats from the last governments before USSR occupation. "Baltics" redirects here. As World War I came to a close, Lithuania declared independence and Latvia formed a provisional government. Soviet Union recognized the independence of three Baltic states on 6 September 1991. Officially, its Russian equivalent Прибалтийский (Pribaltiyskiy) was first used in 1859. The term is not used in the context of cultural areas, national identity, or language, because while the majority of people in Latvia and Lithuania are Baltic people, the majority in Estonia are Finnic. Download 285 Map Baltic States Stock Illustrations, Vectors & Clipart for FREE or amazingly low rates! [3], The term Baltic stems from the name of the Baltic Sea – a hydronym dating back to the 3rd century B.C. 55.3791104480105 25.48828125 4 satellite. [1] The most important areas of cooperation among the three countries are foreign and security policy, defence, energy, and transportation. Map of Baltic States published by Freytag & Berndt. [21] During the Cold War, Lithuania and Latvia maintained legations in Washington DC, while Estonia had a mission in New York. Ott Tänak of Estonia won the 2019 World Rally Championship.[44]. The Latvian and Lithuanian peoples speak languages belonging to the Baltic branch of the Indo-European linguistic family and are commonly known as Balts. English: Map showing the Baltic states with their flags. The financial stability of the Baltic nations was an important prerequisite to their entering the European Union and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization in 2004. Russian also achieved significant usage, particularly in commerce. [2], All three countries are members of NATO, the eurozone, the OECD, and the European Union. [16][17] The Soviet Union attempted to Sovietize its occupied territories, by means such as deportations and instituting the Russian language as the only working language. Additional information on the region’s physical and human geography can be found in the article Europe. [33], Even now being a part of the European Union, Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania are still considered as the most vulnerable EU member states in the energy sphere. See this page's contributions. Estonia adopted the euro in January 2011, Latvia in January 2014, and Lithuania in January 2015. Printed on tear-resistant, waterproof, paper-like plastic. One of the most important documents that the EU applied to improve the energy security stance of the Baltic states are European Union climate and energy package, including the Climate and Energy Strategy 2020, that aims to reduce the greenhouse emissions to 20%, increase the energy production from renewables for 20% in overall share and 20% energy efficiency development. They were also part of what Clemenceau considered a strategic cordon sanitaire, the entire territory from Finland in the north to Romania in the south, standing between Western Europe and potential Bolshevik territorial ambitions.[13][14]. Latvia performed the best according to all indicators. Life expectancy in the Baltic states is comparatively low by European standards, as are the rates of natural increase, which were negative in all three countries at the beginning of the 21st century, owing in part to an aging population. DESKKART. The Baltic states are currently the only former Soviet states to have joined either organization. All three countries are members of the New Hanseatic League, a group of Northern European countries in the EU formed to advocate a common fiscal position. The vast majority of ethnic Estonians, Latvians, and Lithuanians live within the borders of their respective states. The Baltic states (Estonian: Balti riigid, Baltimaad; Latvian: Baltijas valstis; Lithuanian: Baltijos valstybės), also known as the Baltic countries, Baltic republics, Baltic nations, or simply the Baltics, is a geopolitical term, typically used to group the three sovereign states on the eastern coast of the Baltic Sea: Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania. This page was last edited on 5 February 2021, at 13:16. Ice hockey is also popular in Latvia. Temperatures are moderate in comparison with other areas of the East European Plain, such as in neighbouring Russia. Find the perfect Baltic States Map stock photos and editorial news pictures from Getty Images. [29], Compared with other regional groupings in Europe, such as Nordic council or Visegrad Four, Baltic cooperation is rather limited. The fintech sector in the Baltic states is rapidly growing on the back of proactive governments that … In all three countries, Baltic partisans, known colloquially as the Forest Brothers, Latvian national partisans, and Lithuanian partisans, waged unsuccessful guerrilla warfare against the Soviet occupation for the next eight years in a bid to regain their nations' independence. Українська: Карта показує Балтійські країни з їхніми прапорами. The Baltic states have a considerable Slavic minority: in Latvia: 33.0% (including 25.4% Russian, 3.3% Belarusian, 2.2% Ukrainian, and 2.1% Polish),[39] in Estonia: 27.6%[40] and in Lithuania: 12.2% (including 5.6% Polish and 4.5% Russian).[41]. The Soviet control of the Baltic states was interrupted by Nazi German invasion of this region in 1941. [34], Finally, the low technological enhancement results in slow adaptation of new technologies, such as construction and use of renewable sources of energy. The peoples in the Baltic states have together inhabited the eastern coast of the Baltic Sea for millennia, although not always peacefully in ancient times, over which period their populations, Estonian, Latvian, and Lithuanian, have remained remarkably stable within the approximate territorial boundaries of the current Baltic states. [42] In Soviet times this made them appear as the "West" of the Soviet Union in the cultural and political sense, thus as close to emigration a Russian could get without leaving the Soviet Union. The three states have the highest productivity of the former constituent republics of the Soviet Union. ADMINISTRATIVE DIVISION AS AT 01.01.2018", "Home – Oficialiosios statistikos portalas", "Nida and The Curonian Spit, The Insider's Guide to Visiting", https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/tps00001/default/table?lang=en, "Eurostat - Tables, Graphs and Maps Interface (TGM) table", "Latvia's defence spending to reach 2% of GDP in 2018 – Jane's 360", "GINI index (World Bank estimate) | Data", The Shadow in the East: Vladimir Putin and the New Baltic Front, On the Boundary of Two Worlds: Identity, Freedom, and Moral Imagination in the Baltics, 1914-1918-online. Professor of Geography, University of Waterloo, Ontario. Baltic states, northeastern region of Europe containing the countries of Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania, on the eastern shores of the Baltic Sea. Urban dwellers constitute more than two-thirds of the region’s population, with the largest cities being Vilnius and Kaunas in southeastern Lithuania, the Latvian capital of Riga, and Tallinn on the northwestern coast of Estonia. The Estonian language is a Finnic language, together with neighboring Finland's Finnish language. Troops were withdrawn from the region (starting from Lithuania) from August 1993. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. North to south: About 10% of the adult Baltic population were deported or sent to labor camps. The Lithuanian teams have been the strongest, with the BC Žalgiris winning the 1999 FIBA Euroleague. Lithuania hosted the Eurobasket in 1939 and 2011, whereas Latvia was one of the hosts in 2015. The 2006 Men's World Ice Hockey Championships were held in Latvia. Throughout the 1990s privatization accelerated, national currencies were reintroduced, and non-Russian foreign investment increased. The Latvians and Lithuanians, linguistically and culturally related to each other, are Baltic and Indo-European people. Estonia is also a non-permanent member of the United Nations Security Council. [7][needs update], Since the Middle Ages, the Baltic Sea has appeared on maps in Germanic languages as the equivalent of 'East Sea': German: Ostsee, Danish: Østersøen, Dutch: Oostzee, Swedish: Östersjön, etc. Between 1940 and 1953, the Soviet government deported more than 200,000 people from the Baltic to remote locations in the Soviet Union. At the beginning of the 21st century, the titular nationalities of Lithuania and Estonia accounted for about four-fifths and two-thirds of the countries’ populations, respectively, while ethnic Latvians made up just less than three-fifths of their nation’s population. Find baltic states map stock images in HD and millions of other royalty-free stock photos, illustrations and vectors in the Shutterstock collection. Countries of Baltic region: Denmark, Lithuania, Poland, Estonia, Russia, Sweden, Latvia, Finland and Greece. The term includes Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania, and originally also included Finland, which later became grouped among the Nordic countries.[12]. Overall population fell in each of the Baltic states in the years following independence, primarily because of the return emigration of Russians to Russia, as well as other out-migration to western Europe and North America. The Estonian (and Livonian) peoples, who are considered Finnic peoples, speak languages of the Finno-Ugric family and constitute the core of the southern branch of the Baltic Finns. The Baltic region is not rich in natural resources. Omissions? The Baltic states (Estonian: Balti riigid, Baltimaad; Latvian: Baltijas valstis; Lithuanian: Baltijos valstybės), also known as the Baltic countries, Baltic republics, Baltic nations, or simply the Baltics, is a geopolitical term, typically used to group the three sovereign states on the eastern coast of the Baltic Sea: Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania. Baltic States MapFile Type: png, File size: 133240 bytes (130.12 KB), Map Dimensions: 1005px x 1222px (256 colors) [32] Other studies add other indicators to this list: diversification of energy suppliers, energy import dependence and vulnerability of political system. [36], The calculations take into account not only economic, but also technological and energy-related factors: Energy and carbon intensity of transport and households, trade balance of total energy, energy import dependency, diversification of energy mix, etc. Because the three Baltic states were independent states prior to their occupation by the Soviet Union, there was a strong feeling of national identity (often labeled "bourgeois nationalism" by Soviets) and popular resentment towards the imposed Soviet rule in the three countries, in combination with Soviet cultural policy, which employed superficial multiculturalism (in order for the Soviet Union to appear as a multinational union based on free will of peoples) in limits allowed by the Communist "internationalist" (but in effect pro-Russification) ideology and under tight control of the Communist Party (those of the Baltic nationals who crossed the line were called "bourgeois nationalists" and repressed). It can bend and fold without cracking and is writable as normal paper, non-toxic and recyclable. EstoniaKersti KaljulaidPresident of Estonia, LithuaniaGitanas NausėdaPresident of Lithuania, EstoniaJüri RatasPrime Minister of Estonia, LatviaKrišjānis KariņšPrime Minister of Latvia, LithuaniaIngrida ŠimonytėPrime Minister of Lithuania, Usually the concept of energy security is related to the uninterruptible supply, sufficient energy storage, advanced technological development of energy sector and environmental regulations. Indeed, the Baltic Sea lies mostly to the east of Germany, Denmark, Norway, and Sweden. Latgalian and Samogitian are considered either separate languages or dialects of Latvian and Lithuanian, respectively. Map of the Baltic Sea Political Map of the Baltic Sea The map shows the Baltic Sea and surrounding countries with international borders, national capitals, chief ports, and major cities. Pop. English and multi-lingual legends. Other maps of the Baltic States. [37] As it was in 2009 during the Russian-Ukrainian gas dispute, when states of Eastern Europe were deprived from access to the natural gas deliveries, the reoccurrence of the situation may again lead to economic, political and social crisis. The Baltic Council of Ministers was established on 13 June 1994 to facilitate intergovernmental cooperation. New users enjoy 60% OFF. With the advent of Foreningen Norden (the Nordic Associations), the term was no longer used for Sweden and Denmark. Polish served a similar function in Lithuania. 5 out of 5 stars (1,029) 1,029 reviews $ 49.99 FREE shipping Only 1 available and it's in 1 person's cart. The Baltic countries of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania gained their independence from the former U.S.S.R. in 1991. Baltic states: Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania. (thesis, University of Connecticut, 2013). This also poses a threat to energy security of the Baltic states, because slows down the renewable energy consumption and lead to low rates of energy efficiency. Explore The Baltic States holidays and discover the best time and places to visit. Malowist, M. “The Economic and Social Development of the Baltic Countries from the Fifteenth to the Seventeenth Centuries.”. Baltic Sea – Map, states, holiday guide. All three are classified as high-income economies by the World Bank and maintain a very high Human Development Index. Especially, the high share of renewables were introduced to the energy production of Latvia, that can be explained by the state's geographical location and favorable natural conditions. Forests cover over half the landmass of Estonia, Devonian sandstone cliffs in Gauja National Park, Latvia's largest and oldest national park, View from the Bilioniai forthill in Lithuania, Sand dunes of the Curonian Spit near Nida, which are the highest drifting sand dunes in Europe (UNESCO World Heritage Site).[45]. Baltic single states political map, known as Baltics, Baltic nations or states. The German occupation lasted until late 1944 (in Courland, until early 1945), when the countries were reoccupied by the Red Army and Soviet rule was re-established, with the passive agreement of the United States and Britain (see Yalta Conference and Potsdam Agreement). (Erastothenes mentioned Baltia in Ancient Greek) and earlier. All three countries have a coastline at the Baltic Sea. 2020. Numerous Swedish loanwords have made it into the Estonian language; it was under the Swedish rule that schools were established and education propagated in the 17th century. They diversified their oil import suppliers due to shutdown of Druzhba gas pipeline in 2006 and increased the share of renewable sources in total energy production with the help of the EU policies. Industry in the Baltic states is prominent, especially the production of food and beverages, textiles, wood products, and electronics and the traditional stalwarts of machine building and metal fabricating. Ring in the new year with a Britannica Membership. [6] However, the modern names of the region and the sea that originate from this root, were not used in either of the two languages prior to the 19th century. On 8 November 1991, the Baltic Assembly, which includes 15 to 20 MPs from each parliament, was established to facilitate inter-parliamentary cooperation. Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia were considered to be under Soviet occupation by the United States, the United Kingdom,[20] Canada, NATO, and many other countries and international organizations. Please look at my other images of cartographic series - they are all very detailed and carefully drawn by hand WITH RIVERS AND LAKES. It is not to be confused with States as a federal union, the wider, The first period of independence, 1918–1939, communist rule collapsed in Eastern Europe, German occupation of the Baltic states during World War II, occupied all of the territory of Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania, Soviet domination over the Baltic nations, European Union climate and energy package, 2006 Men's World Ice Hockey Championships, List of cities in the Baltic states by population, "Baltic Cooperation | Ministry of Foreign Affairs", "Why did Finland remain a democracy between the two World Wars, whereas the Baltic States developed authoritarian regimes? Culturally, the Estonians were strongly influenced by the Germans, and traces of the original Finnish culture have been preserved only in folklore. Area 67,612 square miles (175,116 square km). Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania each adopted the euro as its common currency in 2011, 2014, and 2015, respectively. Latvia is one of the three Baltic states in Europe. During the interwar period these countries were sometimes referred to as limitrophe states between the two World Wars, from the French, indicating their collectively forming a rim along Bolshevik Russia's, later the Soviet Union's, western border. Generally, they shortly encountered the following problems: high inflation, high unemployment, low economic growth and high government debt. The term is not used in the context of cultural areas, national identity, or language, because while the majority of people in Latvia and Lithuania are Baltic people, the majority in Estonia are Fi… Find below a map of the bodies of water in Europe . View Location View Map. In the contemporary Swedish language, the region is known as Baltikum. Each of the three countries has declared itself to be the restoration of the sovereign nation that had existed from 1918 to 1940, emphasizing their contention that Soviet domination over the Baltic nations during the Cold War period had been an illegal occupation and annexation. However, most Lithuanians, associated historically with Poland, are Roman Catholic. Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania are also members of the OECD.[3]. Baltic States Map for PowerPoint template, Slides. [26] Other exceptions included Sweden, which was the first Western country, and one of the very few to ever do so, to recognize the incorporation of the Baltic states into the Soviet Union as lawful.[27]. Adopt Christianity, is packed with pagan history generally, they shortly encountered the following problems high. Reichskommissariat Ostland preserve a high degree of Europe-oriented national identity before USSR...., inflationary prices, and in 2004 all of them joined the European Union third-largest... 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